B) according to the utilitarian principle, the greatest happiness is determined by the greatest number. Moral systems even those that value humility and passivity are expressions (Nietzsche maintains) of the will to power, the will to overcome. D) Only those beliefs which have universal support should be accepted as true. Finally, the Ethics of Care is another influential version of virtue ethics. Choose the true statement about virtue-based ethics Study guides, Class notes & Summaries - US. A collection of classic papers on virtue ethics, including Anscombe, MacIntyre, Williams, etc. A) No: no culture can impose its values on any other culture, even if those values promote human well-being. The egoistic hedonist says that, if producing the greatest amount of pleasure for ourselves means that we have to take into account the pleasure of others, then we are under a moral obligation to do so.
This approach to ethics relies on universal principles and results in a rigid moral code. Friendship with other virtuous agents is so central to Aristotelian virtue that a life devoid of virtuous friendship will be lacking in eudaimonia. Are qualitatively desirable should thus be made by those familiar with. B) Marx's historical materialism. This character-based approach to morality assumes that we acquire virtue through practice. Identify a true statement about ethics and code of conduct. Select one: a. Among the several ethical issues of today, time theft costs can be easy to measure. b. One of the principal causes of uneth | Homework.Study.com. Where deontology and consequentialism concern themselves with the right action, virtue ethics is concerned with the good life and what kinds of persons we should be. Is a significantly different question to ask from "How should I live?
As Sartre notes, however, we are responsible for choosing. Utilitarians commit a "naturalistic fallacy" by thinking that certain behavior is morally desirable because it has consequences that are desired. Moral development, at least in its early stages, relies on the availability of good role models. An agent-based theory emphasizes that virtues are determined by common-sense intuitions that we as observers judge to be admirable traits in other people. B) assumes that all persons universally ought to value toleration, even those who do not actually do so. B) people who believed in them would be determined by fate to act always in their own self-interest. The virtuous agent can act as an exemplar of virtue to others. He concludes that these differences are attributable to different practices that generate different conceptions of the virtues. They enable us to pursue the ideals we have adopted. Adkins, A. W. Choose the true statement about virtue-based ethics committee. H., Moral Values and Political Behaviour in Ancient Greece from Homer to the End of the Fifth Century (London: Chatto and Windus, 1972). Of the soul and the parts of society collapses the two questions into one. Or "How should I act? " The point of Plato's story of the ring of Gyges is this: only a fool would act morally if he or she could get away with acting immorally. Realizing that kindness is the appropriate response to a situation and feeling appropriately kindly disposed will also lead to a corresponding attempt to act kindly.
In Aristotle's virtue ethics, moral value is a purely private matter, unconnected to how people interact with others in the community. To say that a moral imperative is categorical means (for Kant) that the demand should be obeyed without exception, regardless of the negative consequences of acting on it. B) happiness should not be defined in terms of material things, since in the afterlife they mean nothing. Some consequentialists, such as Driver, go even further and argue that knowledge is not necessary for virtue. Rather than being too self-centered, virtue ethics unifies what is required by morality and what is required by self-interest. Aristotle claims that all the things that are ends in themselves also contribute to a wider end, an end that is the greatest good of all. Nietzsche argues that the task of true morality is to indicate. Intro to Ethics - Unit 4 Milestone Flashcards. Further, some accounts of virtue are dependent on the availability of external goods. My thesis about traditional ethics is this: (1) The focus and. Our natural tendencies, the raw material we are born with, are shaped and developed through a long and gradual process of education and habituation. The virtues are other-regarding.
Is this: "The weak and the failures shall perish. C) In feeding the starving we can--indeed, we are morally required to--demand that cultures receiving the food adopt farming and distribution programs to prevent future famine. Choose the true statement about virtue-based ethic.com. Agent-focused theories understand the moral life in terms of what it is to be a virtuous individual, where the virtues are inner dispositions. D) It is possible for an objectivist to be an absolutist.
1 Many people confuse topics of religion, social etiquette, and law with ethical topics. Engstrom, S., and J. Whiting, Aristotle, Kant and the Stoics (USE: Cambridge University Press, 1996). Critics sometimes claim that, for utilitarianism, motive seems. Choose the true statement about virtue-based ethics. Cullity, G., "Aretaic Cognitivism", American Philosophical Quarterly, vol. Swanton develops an account of self-love that allows her to distinguish true virtue from closely related vices, e. self-confidence from vanity or ostentation, virtuous and vicious forms of perfectionism, etc. As a result, (3) traditional ethics undermines rather than promotes individual. C) "the Will to the denial of life, " which itself invites dissolution and decay.
Decision making is a complex cognitive process often defined as choosing a particular course of action. B) no culture can exist very long unless it establishes practices that distinguish it from others. B) if we are determined to act only in our self-interest, then it makes no sense to say we ought to act either in our self-interest or, for that matter, in any other way either. By practicing being honest, brave, just, generous, and so on, a person develops an honorable and moral character. C) human beings do not have genetic characteristics that identify them biologically as members of a species. For his passion, " then no matter what we as human beings do, we do it: (a) against our wills. D) argues that the reasons it gives for acting morally are metaethical, not normative. His original account of agent-based virtue ethics. The doctrine of the mean captures exactly this idea. Thus, well-being cannot play the role that eudaimonists would have it play.
Of our actions, Mill says that the utilitarian recommends that we should. Since its revival in the twentieth century, virtue ethics has been developed in three main directions: Eudaimonism, agent-based theories, and the ethics of care. His first outline of his account of the virtues. Argue, violating the rule is permitted: (a) only if no other violations of the rule occur again. D) work is a necessary evil one has to endure to obtain the means to develop friendships and gain wisdom.
Nam risus ante, dapibus a molestie consequat, ultrices ac magna. B) ought to be grounded in the will of God or in generally accepted social practices. C) how our behavior follows necessarily from human nature itself. Nonetheless, it can be action-guiding if we understand the role of the virtuous agent and the importance of moral education and development. C) how it is morally wrong for someone to be immoral. Walker, A. D. M., "Virtue and Character", Philosophy, 64 (1989). This by: (a) pointing out that no moral theory is ever able to indicate what we should not do. Against minorities would be permitted under utilitarian principles, since. They cannot be proven false because: (a) such systems of belief are simply true--as the failure of all attempted falsifications of them shows. These ideals are discovered through thoughtful reflection on what we as human beings have the potential to become. Philippa Foot, for example, grounds the virtues in what is good for human beings. Before we go on to consider this in detail, we need to take a brief look at two other philosophers, Bernard Williams and Alasdair MacIntyre, whose call for theories of virtue was also instrumental in changing our understanding of moral philosophy. The road to virtue is arduous and many things outside our control can go wrong.
For the utilitarian, the whole purpose of ethics and virtuous behavior is the production and increase of happiness. Objections to Virtue Ethics. Own family or culture than others, and therefore should not be expected. D) Yes: any culture that would not satisfy basic material and social needs of all of its members would not be as good as it should be. Recent flashcard sets. D) our moral obligations to promote the happiness of our family, friends, and immediate culture are more important than even obligations to protect the lives of others. C) human beings will always have someone to fall back on and blame for their failings, rather than take responsibility for their destiny. Though Epicurean hedonism is similar in certain respects to modern.
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